V K Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry Pdf Upd May 2026

V.K. Jaiswal’s "Problems in Inorganic Chemistry" is widely considered the gold standard for students preparing for competitive exams like JEE Main, JEE Advanced, and NEET. The book is specifically designed to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and the complex application-based questions found in top-tier engineering and medical entrance tests. Why V.K. Jaiswal is Essential for JEE and NEET

While textbooks like NCERT provide the foundational concepts, they often lack the sheer volume of practice required to master Inorganic Chemistry. V.K. Jaiswal fills this void by offering:

Categorized Difficulty: Problems are divided into levels, allowing students to progress from basic concepts to advanced analytical questions.

Topic-Wise Focus: The book covers everything from Periodic Table trends and Chemical Bonding to Coordination Compounds and Metallurgy.

Previous Year Integration: It includes modified versions of past JEE and NEET questions to help students understand exam patterns.

Clear Solutions: Most editions come with detailed answer keys and explanations to help students identify their logical errors. Key Chapters Covered

The book is structured to follow the standard competitive exam syllabus. Key areas include:

Periodic Properties: Ionization energy, electron affinity, and atomic radius trends.

Chemical Bonding: Detailed problems on VSEPR theory, Hybridization, and Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT).

Coordination Chemistry: Complex nomenclature, isomerism, and Crystal Field Theory.

S, P, D, and F Block Elements: Reaction-based questions and characteristic properties of different groups.

Qualitative Analysis: Identification of cations and anions—a crucial topic for JEE Advanced. Tips for Using the PDF Effectively

If you are using a digital version or the latest updated PDF of V.K. Jaiswal, follow these strategies to maximize your score:

📍 Master NCERT FirstDo not jump into V.K. Jaiswal without reading your NCERT textbook. Inorganic Chemistry requires a solid memory of facts before you can solve application problems.

📍 Focus on Chemical BondingThis is the most important chapter in the book. Mastering the problems in this section will make subsequent chapters like P-Block and Coordination Chemistry much easier to understand.

📍 Time-Bound PracticeSince Inorganic Chemistry is often a "time-saver" in exams, use a timer when solving Level 1 and Level 2 problems to improve your speed.

📍 Mark Tough QuestionsWhen practicing from the PDF, keep a notebook to jot down the question numbers that you found difficult. This makes your final revision significantly faster. Caution Regarding PDF Downloads

While searching for "V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF UPD," ensure you are accessing files from reputable educational sources. Many unofficial links may contain outdated versions or missing pages. For the best experience, many educators recommend purchasing the physical copy, as it allows for easier highlighting and quick referencing during intense study sessions. If you'd like to dive deeper into a specific chapter: Important formulas for Chemical Bonding Reaction charts for P-Block elements Cheat sheets for Coordination Compounds Which topic should we tackle first?

V. K. Jaiswal's Problems in Inorganic Chemistry is widely considered a top-tier resource for mastering competitive exams like JEE (Main & Advanced) and NEET. Published by Balaji Publications, the book focuses heavily on problem-solving rather than theory, making it an essential companion to conceptual books like JD Lee's Concise Inorganic Chemistry. Key Features of V. K. Jaiswal

Comprehensive Problem Sets: Includes a wide variety of question types such as single-correct, multiple-correct, matrix-match, and integer-type questions.

Graded Difficulty: Exercises are typically divided into levels (Level 1 and Level 2), allowing students to build confidence before tackling tougher Advanced-level problems.

Detailed Solutions: Modern editions, such as the 19th Edition, include detailed solutions and 15 years of Previous Year Questions (PYQs).

NCERT Alignment: While it goes beyond the basic scope, it remains grounded in the concepts required for major entrance exams. Why Use It?

For students aiming to ace competitive exams like JEE Main, JEE Advanced, and NEET, the V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry book (often referred to as "Problems in Inorganic Chemistry") is considered a definitive practice resource. Published by Shri Balaji Publications and now available in its 19th Edition (2026), it is designed to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and the rigorous application required for high-level entrance tests. Key Features of the 2026 Edition

The latest edition is updated to reflect current examination patterns and includes several student-friendly enhancements:


What Makes This PDF Unique for "UPD" Seekers?

When you search for the updated version, you are specifically looking for:

  1. Error Corrections: Older print runs had misprints in answer keys (especially for coordination compounds). The upd PDF rectifies these.
  2. New Pattern Questions: The last 3 chapters now include Numerical Value (integer) type questions as per JEE Advanced 2023-24.
  3. Increased Difficulty Gradient: The updated edition adds a "Level 3" (Advanced Problems) section borrowed from the last 5 years of JEE Advanced archives.
  4. Digital Readability: The PDF version often comes with bookmarks for each chapter, allowing quick navigation to "d-block" or "Chemical Bonding" without scrolling.

Step 1: Master NCERT First

Warning: V K Jaiswal is not a replacement for NCERT. Inorganic chemistry in JEE Mains is heavily fact-based from NCERT. Read the NCERT textbook (Class 11 & 12) twice before opening Jaiswal.

1. Atomic Structure & Periodic Table

Conclusion

Access to an updated, official PDF of V. K. Jaiswal’s Inorganic Chemistry can significantly aid student learning when sourced ethically and verified for accuracy. Students and educators should prioritize publisher-licensed copies, cross-check critical data, and supplement the textbook with current literature for the best educational outcomes.

If you’d like, I can:

V.K. Jaiswal's Problems in Inorganic Chemistry is a cornerstone textbook for students preparing for competitive exams like JEE Advanced

. It is highly regarded for its structured approach to complex chemical concepts. 📘 Core Content & Structure

The book is divided into chapters that mirror the standard JEE syllabus, focusing on: Periodic Table:

Trends in atomic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity. Chemical Bonding:

VSEPR theory, hybridization, and molecular orbital theory (MOT). Coordination Compounds: Isomerism, IUPAC naming, and Crystal Field Theory (CFT). Qualitative Analysis: Identification of cations and anions (Salt Analysis). S, P, D, and F Block Elements: Detailed reactions and physical properties. 🛠️ Level-Wise Learning Approach

The book categorizes problems into three distinct levels to help students build confidence: Level 1 (Basic Concepts): Single-choice questions focusing on fundamental principles. Level 2 (Advanced Application):

Tougher questions, often involving multiple concepts or complex reasoning. Level 3 (Pattern Based): v k jaiswal inorganic chemistry pdf upd

Includes Matrix Match, Integer Type, and Assertion-Reasoning questions to mimic the latest JEE Advanced patterns. 🚀 Why It Is Highly Recommended

One of the few books with a very low error rate in its answer key. Salt Analysis:

Provides comprehensive coverage of qualitative analysis, which is often a weak point for students. Relevance:

The difficulty level is perfectly aligned with the evolving standards of the JEE. Explanations: Provides detailed solutions that explain an answer is correct, rather than just providing a key. ⚠️ Important Note on PDF Downloads While many "PDF" versions circulate online: Copyright:

Downloading unauthorized PDFs may violate intellectual property laws. Updated Content:

Physical copies (latest editions) often include updated question patterns and corrections not found in older PDF scans. Eye Strain:

Extensive problem-solving is generally more effective with a physical workbook to allow for annotations and better focus.

If you are looking to master a specific topic, I can help you by: Explaining complex concepts like Back Bonding or Synergic Bonding. step-by-step solutions to specific problem types. Creating a study schedule to finish the book in a set timeframe. chapter or topic are you currently finding most challenging?

Problems in Inorganic Chemistry V.K. Jaiswal (published by Shri Balaji Publications) is widely considered a gold-standard practice resource for aspirants of competitive exams like JEE (Main & Advanced) and NEET. While many students search for "VK Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF" updates for quick access, the physical text remains a staple in preparation due to its rigorous, tiered question structure. Core Features and Edition Overview The book is primarily a problem-oriented guide

designed to build conceptual depth through varied application.

VK Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry | PDF | Periodic Table - Scribd


Title: Decoding V. K. Jaiswal’s Inorganic Chemistry: Is the PDF Worth the Hype (and the Risk)?

Introduction: The Bible of Inorganic Problems

If you are a serious aspirant for the IIT JEE (Advanced), NEET, or OUAT, there is one name that strikes a perfect balance of fear and respect: V. K. Jaiswal.

While J. D. Lee gives you the theory, V. K. Jaiswal gives you the grind. His book, officially titled "Problems in Inorganic Chemistry" (published by Arihant or Himanshu Publications), is legendary for its exhaustive collection of multiple-choice questions, assertion-reasoning, and matrix-match problems.

But a quick Google search for "V K Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF upd" reveals a massive digital chase. Let’s look at why this book is so sought after and whether hunting for that "updated" PDF is actually smart.

Why the "UPD" (Updated) Matters

Inorganic chemistry is volatile. Nomenclature rules change, IUPAC names get revised, and coordination compounds see new examples. An "updated" (UPD) edition usually means:

  1. New pattern questions (e.g., integer type for JEE Main).
  2. Revised Nomenclature (the dreaded "Stock notation" updates).
  3. Previous year questions (PYQs) from the last 3-4 years.

Older editions (2015 or earlier) often contain obsolete questions on qualitative analysis that have been dropped from modern syllabi.

The "PDF Hunt" Reality Check

Let’s be honest: Telegram channels and random file-sharing sites are flooded with scanned copies. Here is the typical result of downloading the "V. K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF upd":

Pros of the Physical Book vs. PDF

| Feature | VK Jaiswal PDF (Pirated) | VK Jaiswal Physical Book | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Edition | Usually outdated (3-5 years old) | Latest "UPD" edition guaranteed | | Diagrams | Blurry (especially periodic table trends) | Crystal clear | | Solutions | Often missing last 2 chapters | Full solutions at the back | | Legal risk | Copyright violation | Legal purchase | | Cost | Free (but risky) | ~₹350-400 ($5) |

Is V. K. Jaiswal still relevant in 2025+?

Yes, but with a caveat. The book is excellent for:

However, it is overkill for NEET (stick to NCERT). For JEE Advanced, you must supplement Jaiswal with N. Awasthi for physical chemistry logic.

The Verdict: Don't risk the "UPD PDF"

Searching for an illegal "V K Jaiswal inorganic chemistry pdf upd" is a waste of your study time. You will spend 45 minutes dodging pop-up ads and broken links.

Actionable Advice:

  1. Buy the used copy. A 2021 edition is 90% as good as a 2025 edition for Inorganic chemistry. Check Amazon/Flipkart used books or your college seniors.
  2. Use the library. Most coaching libraries (Kota, Delhi, Hyderabad) have 5 copies gathering dust.
  3. Focus on solutions. The real value of Jaiswal is not the questions, but the explanations in the answer key. A blurry PDF cannot help you understand why NH3 is a strong field ligand for Cobalt but weak for Iron.

Final Thought

Inorganic chemistry is about memory and pattern recognition. Don't let a "free PDF" become a distraction. Spend the price of two pizzas, buy the physical book, and highlight the exceptions in pink. That is how you crack the exam.


Are you still using a PDF for V. K. Jaiswal? Share your experience (or horror stories of corrupted files) in the comments below.

The book Problems in Inorganic Chemistry by V.K. Jaiswal (often referred to as VKJ Sir) is widely regarded as a benchmark resource for students preparing for competitive engineering and medical entrance exams like JEE (Main & Advanced) and NEET. Published by Shri Balaji Publications, the book is designed to transform theoretical knowledge into practical problem-solving skills through a rigorous, tiered approach. Core Content and Structure

The book is structured to guide students through the entire inorganic chemistry syllabus using a "problematic approach" rather than a purely theoretical one. It is divided into three distinct levels of difficulty to cater to different exam requirements:

Level 1: Focuses on foundational concepts and single-choice questions, primarily targeting JEE Main and NEET. What Makes This PDF Unique for "UPD" Seekers

Level 2: Contains more challenging problems involving multiple correct options, integer-type questions, and matrix matching, designed for JEE Advanced.

Level 3: Features advanced passage-based and assertion-reason questions to push students toward a deeper conceptual understanding. Key Topics Covered

The 18th and 19th editions (2025-2026) cover the full spectrum of inorganic chemistry required for competitive exams: VK Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry | PDF - Scribd

V.K. Jaiswal's "Problems in Inorganic Chemistry" (published by Shri Balaji Publications) is widely regarded as one of the most effective practice resources for students preparing for JEE (Main & Advanced) and NEET . Key Features of the Latest Editions (18th & 19th)

The latest updates, including the 18th Edition (2025) and 19th Edition (2026), focus on aligning with recent exam patterns .

Introduction to V K Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry

Inorganic Chemistry is a vital branch of chemistry that deals with the study of inorganic compounds, which are typically derived from mineral sources and do not contain carbon. For students and professionals in the field of chemistry, a comprehensive textbook on inorganic chemistry is essential to grasp the fundamental concepts and principles. One such popular textbook is "Inorganic Chemistry" by V K Jaiswal.

About the Author

V K Jaiswal is a renowned author and educator in the field of chemistry, with extensive experience in teaching and research. His textbooks on chemistry, including inorganic chemistry, have been widely adopted by students and institutions across the globe.

Features of V K Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF UPD

The PDF updated version of "Inorganic Chemistry" by V K Jaiswal is a comprehensive resource that covers the fundamental principles and concepts of inorganic chemistry. Some of the key features of this updated version include:

Key Topics Covered

The PDF updated version of "Inorganic Chemistry" by V K Jaiswal covers a range of key topics, including:

  1. Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry: Scope and importance of inorganic chemistry, brief history, and applications.
  2. Atomic Structure: Atomic orbitals, electron configuration, and periodic trends.
  3. Chemical Bonding: Types of chemical bonds, including ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.
  4. Coordination Chemistry: Introduction to coordination compounds, types of coordination compounds, and their properties.
  5. Inorganic Compounds: Properties and reactions of inorganic compounds, including acids, bases, and salts.

Benefits for Students and Professionals

The PDF updated version of "Inorganic Chemistry" by V K Jaiswal is an invaluable resource for students and professionals in the field of chemistry. Some of the benefits of using this textbook include:

Conclusion

In conclusion, the PDF updated version of "Inorganic Chemistry" by V K Jaiswal is a comprehensive textbook that provides clear and concise explanations of complex concepts in inorganic chemistry. With its updated content, comprehensive coverage, and numerous solved examples and practice problems, this textbook is an invaluable resource for students and professionals in the field of chemistry. Whether you are a student looking to improve your understanding of inorganic chemistry or a professional seeking to update your knowledge, this textbook is an excellent choice.

Once upon a time in the bustling student hub of Kota, there lived a determined aspirant named Aryan. His room was a fortress of books, but one crucial weapon was missing from his arsenal: the legendary V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry book. Known for its grueling "Problems in Inorganic Chemistry," it was the gatekeeper to a top rank in the JEE.

One rainy afternoon, just weeks before the big exam, Aryan’s physical copy was ruined by a leaking ceiling. Desperate, he spent hours scouring the web, typing “V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF UPD” into every search bar he could find.

He navigated through a maze of flickering pop-up ads and broken links until he finally found a clean, updated digital version. With the PDF finally glowing on his tablet, Aryan didn't just read; he conquered. He mastered the logic behind periodic trends and the intricate dances of coordination compounds.

When the exam day arrived, he didn't see daunting questions; he saw familiar patterns he had practiced a thousand times on his screen. Months later, when the results flashed "Qualified," he looked at his tablet and smiled. The PDF wasn't just a file anymore—it was the key that had unlocked his future.

You're looking for a review of V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry PDF, specifically the updated version.

Here's a detailed review:

Overview

V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry is a popular textbook among students preparing for competitive exams like JEE, NEET, and other Olympiads. The book provides an in-depth coverage of inorganic chemistry, which is a crucial subject for students pursuing careers in chemistry, pharmacy, and other related fields.

Strengths

  1. Comprehensive coverage: The book covers all essential topics in inorganic chemistry, including atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, coordination compounds, and more.
  2. Clear explanations: The author, V.K. Jaiswal, has done an excellent job of explaining complex concepts in a lucid and easy-to-understand manner, making it accessible to students with varying levels of knowledge.
  3. Updated content: The PDF version you mentioned is likely to contain updated content, which is essential for students preparing for competitive exams, as the syllabus and exam patterns are constantly evolving.
  4. Practice problems: The book contains a plethora of practice problems, which are essential for students to assess their understanding of various concepts and to develop problem-solving skills.

Weaknesses

  1. Theoretical aspects: Some students might find the book's focus on theoretical aspects of inorganic chemistry to be a bit tedious, as it may not provide sufficient practical applications or real-world examples.
  2. Lack of visual aids: Compared to other modern textbooks, V.K. Jaiswal's book might seem a bit lacking in visual aids like diagrams, illustrations, or photographs, which can make it harder for some students to understand and retain complex concepts.

Target audience

This book is ideal for:

  1. JEE and NEET aspirants: Students preparing for these competitive exams will find this book extremely helpful, as it covers all the essential topics in inorganic chemistry.
  2. CBSE and ICSE students: Students following these boards will also benefit from this book, as it provides a comprehensive coverage of inorganic chemistry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry PDF (updated version) is an excellent resource for students preparing for competitive exams or seeking to strengthen their understanding of inorganic chemistry. While it may have some minor drawbacks, the book's strengths make it a valuable asset for students looking to excel in this subject.

Rating: 4.5/5

Recommendation: If you're looking for a comprehensive textbook on inorganic chemistry, V.K. Jaiswal's book is an excellent choice. However, if you prefer a more visually engaging textbook with practical applications, you might want to supplement this book with other resources.

You're looking for a report on V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry PDF updates!

Introduction

V.K. Jaiswal is a well-known author of chemistry textbooks, particularly in India. His books are widely used by students preparing for various competitive exams, such as JEE, NEET, and other board exams. The PDF updates of his Inorganic Chemistry book are highly sought after by students, as they provide comprehensive coverage of the subject.

Key Features of V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF

The PDF of V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry book is a treasure trove of information for students. Some of its key features include:

  1. Comprehensive coverage: The book covers the entire syllabus of inorganic chemistry, including topics like atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, coordination compounds, and more.
  2. Detailed explanations: The author provides detailed explanations of complex concepts, making it easier for students to understand and grasp the subject.
  3. Practice problems: The book includes a wide range of practice problems, which help students to reinforce their understanding of the concepts and prepare for exams.
  4. Previous year questions: The PDF also includes previous year's questions from various competitive exams, which gives students an idea of the exam pattern and the type of questions asked.

Updates in the Latest Edition

The latest edition of V.K. Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry PDF has some exciting updates:

  1. New topics: Some new topics have been added to the book, such as nanomaterials, supramolecular chemistry, and green chemistry.
  2. Revised chapters: Some chapters have been revised to reflect the latest developments in the field of inorganic chemistry.
  3. Additional practice problems: More practice problems have been added to help students prepare for exams.

Benefits of Using V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF

Using the V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF can be highly beneficial for students:

  1. Convenience: The PDF is easily accessible on various devices, making it convenient for students to study anywhere, anytime.
  2. Cost-effective: The PDF is often cheaper than the printed book, making it a cost-effective option for students.
  3. Comprehensive coverage: The PDF provides comprehensive coverage of the subject, which helps students to build a strong foundation in inorganic chemistry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the V.K. Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF is a valuable resource for students preparing for competitive exams. With its comprehensive coverage, detailed explanations, and practice problems, it is an excellent tool for building a strong foundation in inorganic chemistry. The latest edition has some exciting updates, which make it even more useful for students. If you're a student looking for a reliable resource for inorganic chemistry, the V.K. Jaiswal PDF is definitely worth checking out!

V. K. Jaiswal's " Problems in Inorganic Chemistry " is a widely recognized resource for students preparing for competitive exams like JEE Advanced

. It is primarily valued for its extensive question bank and level-wise practice sets. Core Content and Structure

The book covers all major topics within the inorganic chemistry syllabus, including: Fundamental Concepts

: Periodic table properties, atomic structure, and chemical bonding (basic and advanced levels). Elements and Compounds

: Comprehensive coverage of s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block elements. Specialized Topics

: Coordination compounds, metallurgy, qualitative inorganic analysis, and salt analysis. Problem Layout

: Chapters are typically divided into Level 1 (basic objective questions), Level 2 (advanced objective questions), and Level 3 (multi-correct, assertion-reasoning, comprehension, and subjective types). Key Features for Aspirants VK Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry | PDF - Scribd

Introduction

VK Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry is a popular textbook among chemistry students, especially those preparing for competitive exams like JEE, NEET, and others. The book covers various aspects of inorganic chemistry, including the properties, reactions, and applications of inorganic compounds.

Guide to VK Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF Updates

Step 1: Find the Latest Edition

To get the updated content, ensure you have the latest edition of VK Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry. You can check the publication date or edition number on the book's cover or online product description.

Step 2: Check Online Resources

Visit online platforms, such as:

  1. VK Jaiswal's official website: Look for updates, new editions, or supplementary materials.
  2. Online bookstores: Check Amazon, Flipkart, or other online bookstores for updated versions or reviews.
  3. Chemistry forums and communities: Websites like Chemistry LibreTexts, Reddit's r/chemistry, or online forums dedicated to chemistry students may have discussions about the book and its updates.

Step 3: Identify Key Updates

Some possible updates to look out for:

  1. New chapters or sections: Check if new topics have been added, such as recent developments in inorganic chemistry or updated industrial applications.
  2. Revised content: Look for changes in existing chapters, such as updated reaction mechanisms, new examples, or corrected errors.
  3. Improved illustrations and diagrams: Check if the book now includes better illustrations, diagrams, or visual aids to help understand complex concepts.

Step 4: Compare with Previous Editions

If you have access to a previous edition, compare the content with the latest edition to identify the updates. You can:

  1. Make a list of changes: Note down the changes, additions, or corrections made in the new edition.
  2. Verify with online resources: Cross-check the updates with online resources, such as chemistry blogs, YouTube channels, or online tutorials.

Step 5: Access the Updated PDF

If you have a legitimate copy of the book, you can try to:

  1. Download the updated PDF: Check the official website or online platforms for a downloadable PDF version of the updated book.
  2. Purchase an e-book version: Consider buying an e-book version of the updated book, which may include digital updates and features.

Additional Tips

  1. Verify the authenticity: Ensure that any online resources or PDFs you access are authentic and not pirated.
  2. Consult with teachers or mentors: If you're unsure about the updates or need help understanding specific concepts, consult with your teachers or mentors.

By following these steps, you'll be able to stay updated with the latest developments in VK Jaiswal's Inorganic Chemistry and make the most of your learning experience.

Creating content around "V K Jaiswal Inorganic Chemistry PDF" requires a strategic approach. Since you are likely targeting students preparing for competitive exams (like JEE, NEET, or NET) or university semester exams, the content needs to be valuable, trustworthy, and optimized for search intent.

Here is a comprehensive content package designed for a blog post, social media thread, or study resource page.


Week 4: Mock Tests

Create a timed mock test using only 100 random problems from the PDF. Since the PDF lacks a built-in test mode, manually select problems from different chapters.

Pro Tip: Do not write on the PDF. Keep a blank notebook. Write question numbers and solve there. This allows you to reuse the PDF for multiple revisions. Error Corrections : Older print runs had misprints


Who is V K Jaiswal?

Dr. V K Jaiswal is a renowned author and educator in the field of physical and inorganic chemistry. His approach is unique: instead of long, boring paragraphs, he presents chemistry through point-wise theory, tables, charts, and a massive collection of problems. His books are less about reading and more about practicing. For inorganic chemistry—a subject that relies heavily on memorization and exceptions—his structured format is a lifesaver.

3. s, p, d & f Block Elements